Account Contract

A smart contract must follow the Standard Account Interface specification defined in the SNIP-6. In practice, this means that the contract must implement the SRC6 and SRC5 interfaces to be considered an account contract.

SNIP-6: SRC6 + SRC5

/// @title Represents a call to a target contract
/// @param to The target contract address
/// @param selector The target function selector
/// @param calldata The serialized function parameters
struct Call {
    to: ContractAddress,
    selector: felt252,
    calldata: Array<felt252>
}

The Call struct is used to represent a call to a function (selector) in a target contract (to) with parameters (calldata). It is available under the starknet::account module.

/// @title SRC-6 Standard Account
trait ISRC6 {
    /// @notice Execute a transaction through the account
    /// @param calls The list of calls to execute
    /// @return The list of each call's serialized return value
    fn __execute__(calls: Array<Call>) -> Array<Span<felt252>>;
 
    /// @notice Assert whether the transaction is valid to be executed
    /// @param calls The list of calls to execute
    /// @return The string 'VALID' represented as felt when is valid
    fn __validate__(calls: Array<Call>) -> felt252;
 
    /// @notice Assert whether a given signature for a given hash is valid
    /// @param hash The hash of the data
    /// @param signature The signature to validate
    /// @return The string 'VALID' represented as felt when the signature is valid
    fn is_valid_signature(hash: felt252, signature: Array<felt252>) -> felt252;
}

A transaction can be represented as a list of calls Array<Call> to other contracts, with atleast one call.

__execute__: Executes a transaction after the validation phase. Returns an array of the serialized return of value (Span<felt252>) of each call.
__validate__: Validates a transaction by verifying some predefined rules, such as the signature of the transaction. Returns the VALID short string (as a felt252) if the transaction is valid.
is_valid_signature: Verify that a given signature is valid. This is mainly used by applications for authentication purposes.

Both __execute__ and __validate__ functions are exclusively called by the Starknet protocol.

/// @title SRC-5 Standard Interface Detection
trait ISRC5 {
    /// @notice Query if a contract implements an interface
    /// @param interface_id The interface identifier, as specified in SRC-5
    /// @return `true` if the contract implements `interface_id`, `false` otherwise
    fn supports_interface(interface_id: felt252) -> bool;
}

The interface identifiers of both SRC5 and SRC6 must be published with supports_interface.

Minimal account contract Executing Transactions

In this example, we will implement a minimal account contract that can validate and execute transactions.

use starknet::account::Call;
 
#[starknet::interface]
trait ISRC6<TContractState> {
    fn execute_calls(self: @TContractState, calls: Array<Call>) -> Array<Span<felt252>>;
    fn validate_calls(self: @TContractState, calls: Array<Call>) -> felt252;
    fn is_valid_signature(
        self: @TContractState, hash: felt252, signature: Array<felt252>,
    ) -> felt252;
}
 
#[starknet::contract]
mod simpleAccount {
    use super::ISRC6;
    use starknet::account::Call;
    use core::num::traits::Zero;
    use core::ecdsa::check_ecdsa_signature;
    use starknet::storage::{StoragePointerWriteAccess, StoragePointerReadAccess};
 
    // Implement SRC5 with openzeppelin
    use openzeppelin::account::interface;
    use openzeppelin::introspection::src5::SRC5Component;
    component!(path: SRC5Component, storage: src5, event: SRC5Event);
 
    #[abi(embed_v0)]
    impl SRC5Impl = SRC5Component::SRC5Impl<ContractState>;
    impl SRC5InternalImpl = SRC5Component::InternalImpl<ContractState>;
 
    #[storage]
    struct Storage {
        #[substorage(v0)]
        src5: SRC5Component::Storage,
        public_key: felt252,
    }
 
    #[constructor]
    fn constructor(ref self: ContractState, public_key: felt252) {
        self.src5.register_interface(interface::ISRC6_ID);
        self.public_key.write(public_key);
    }
 
    #[event]
    #[derive(Drop, starknet::Event)]
    enum Event {
        #[flat]
        SRC5Event: SRC5Component::Event,
    }
 
    #[abi(embed_v0)]
    impl SRC6 of ISRC6<ContractState> {
        fn execute_calls(self: @ContractState, calls: Array<Call>) -> Array<Span<felt252>> {
            assert(starknet::get_caller_address().is_zero(), 'Not Starknet Protocol');
            let Call { to, selector, calldata } = calls.at(0);
            let res = starknet::syscalls::call_contract_syscall(*to, *selector, *calldata).unwrap();
            array![res]
        }
 
        fn validate_calls(self: @ContractState, calls: Array<Call>) -> felt252 {
            assert(starknet::get_caller_address().is_zero(), 'Not Starknet Protocol');
            let tx_info = starknet::get_tx_info().unbox();
            let tx_hash = tx_info.transaction_hash;
            let signature = tx_info.signature;
            if self._is_valid_signature(tx_hash, signature) {
                starknet::VALIDATED
            } else {
                0
            }
        }
 
        fn is_valid_signature(
            self: @ContractState, hash: felt252, signature: Array<felt252>,
        ) -> felt252 {
            if self._is_valid_signature(hash, signature.span()) {
                starknet::VALIDATED
            } else {
                0
            }
        }
    }
 
    #[generate_trait]
    impl SignatureVerificationImpl of SignatureVerification {
        fn _is_valid_signature(
            self: @ContractState, hash: felt252, signature: Span<felt252>,
        ) -> bool {
            check_ecdsa_signature(
                hash, self.public_key.read(), *signature.at(0_u32), *signature.at(1_u32),
            )
        }
    }
}